Summary of Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery

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Summary of Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO2EOR) Injection Well Technology.pdf (676.56 KB, 下载次数: 10, 售价: 5 阳光币)

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Table of Contents
1. History and Current Status of CO2 in EOR Applications
1.a Development 1
1.b SACROC and Fields 2
1.c Pipeline and Wells 5
1.d Summary 6
2. CO2 EOR Technical Aspects
2.a Miscibility 7
2.b Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) 7
2.c Reservoir Implications
2.c.1 Pressure 8
2.c.2 CO2 Mobility & Reservoir Heterogeneity 8
2.c.3 CO2 EOR Screening Criteria 9
2.4.c CO2 Utilization 10
3. Well Design and Mechanical Integrity
3.a Design Standards and Recommended Practices 11
3.b Definitions 12
3.c CO2 Injection Wellhead Conditions 14
3.d Welllbore
3.d.1 New Construction 15
3.d.1.1 Design 15
3.d.1.2 Cased and Open Hole Completions 17
3.d.1.3 Cement Technology 17
3.d.1.4 Corrosion Control 18
3.d.2 Re-Completion of Existing Wellbores 19
3.d.3 Performance Observations 20
3.e Mechanical Completion 20
3.e.1 Materials of Construction
3.e.1.1 Evolution – SACROC Experience 21
3.e.1.2 Corrosion Control and Elastomers 22
3.e.1.3 Operator Experience 22
3.e.2 Typical Designs 22
3.f Workovers 26
3.g Safety and Environment
3.g.1 Automatic Control Systems 26
3.g.2 Flow Isolation 27
3.g.3 Populated Area Wells 27
3.g.4 Well Control/Blowouts
3.g.4.1 Drilling Operations 27
3.g.4.2 Workover Operations 28
3.g.5 Plug and Abandonment 28
3.h Mechanical Integrity
3.h.1 Testing 28
3.h.2 Observations on Component Integrity 29
3.h.3 Leak Detection and Well Repair Methods
3.h.3.1 Tubing Leaks 29
3.h.3.2 Casing and Packer Leaks 30
3.i Cement Concerns – SACROC Experience 30
4. Acknowledgements 33
5. References 34
APPENDIX 1: Texas Rail Road Commission Mechanical Integrity Test 40
Regulations
APPENDIX 2: Description of API Cements and Specialty Cements 48

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